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Academic publications | diversification

The carbon stocks in shaded cacao systems in Cameroon were estimated, using equations that took account of wood densities of individual species. The average C stock in cacao trees was 14.4 Mg C ha-1, compared with 121.1 Mg C ha-1 in the upper shade tree canopy, 5.8 Mg C ha-1 in necromass and 90...

The objectives of this study are to estimate the potential emission reduction and C sequestration through REDD and CDM implementation and identify the main constraints for project development. Analysing the REDD and CDM A/R potentials in Ghana helps understanding the C sequestration potential of...

This article reviews the available information about the biodiversity of cocoa plantations and their landscape context in southern Bahia and identifies recommendations for management actions to improve its conservation. We first review studies that compare the biodiversity of shaded cocoa...

Cocoa farms in the Mount Cameroon region: biological and cultural diversity in local livelihoods, Laird, S. A., Awung G. L., and Lysinge R. J. , Biodiversity and conservation, 2007, Volume 16, Issue 8, p.2401 - 2427, (2007)

This paper explores the relationship between cocoa farms, livelihoods and biological and cultural diversity in the Mount Cameroon region. We examine the retention and planting of useful species, some with high conservation value, on cocoa farms, and then look more broadly at the role of...

Biodiversity conservation in cocoa production landscapes: an overview, Schroth, G., and Harvey C. A. , Biodiversity and Conservation, 2007, Volume 16, Issue 8, p.2237 - 2244, (2007)

This article is the introduction to a special issue that highlights the contribution of cocoa agroforestry systems to biodiversity conservation and explores the factors which make cocoa agroforests more or less effective contributors to conservation at the landscape scale. By bringing together...

Indonesia is the third largest greenhouse gas emitter worldwide due to land use change and deforestation. On the island of Sulawesi in the vicinity of the Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP), many smallholders contribute to conversion processes at the forest margin as a result of the expansion of...

Traditional cocoa-based agroforestry and forest species conservation in Ondo State, Nigeria, Oke, D. O., and Odebiyi K. A. , Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 2007, Volume 122, Issue 3, p.305 - 311, (2007)

A study was carried out in Ondo State, Nigeria, to evaluate the conservation value of cocoa agroforests. Cocoa agroforests are a common farming system in the humid zone of West and Central Africa, in which forest trees provide shade and other environmental services as well as marketable products...

From March 2005 to October 2007, a study was conducted in the Eastern Region of Ghana to estimate the magnitude of carbon stored in different cocoa agroforestry ecosystems (remnant forest, traditional shaded cocoa farms with indigenous trees species and intensive un-shaded cocoa farms almost...

The productivity of all species in 39 cacao agroforestry systems (AFS) of Ngöbe-Buglé indigenous communities in Bocas del Toro, Panama, was determined. Annual Net Cash Flow (NCF) and Family Benefit (FB) were calculated. Bocatorean cacao AFS include 139 planted and naturally occurring species,...

As information on the economic, environmental and social benefits of cocoa has grown, so has the understanding that only a coordinated effort by all stakeholders can ensure cocoa sustainability. This chapter describes how challenges to cocoa supplies brought seemingly disparate groups together...

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