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Academic publications | diversification
This desktop review looks at cocoa production in relation to its use as a biodiversity conservation mechanism. It presents arguments by scientists on the need to look beyond protected forest areas to the agricultural landscape as potential areas for biodiversity conservation, especially in the...
Cacao cultivation holds a sweet promise, not only for chocolate consumers and cacao farmers but also for conservationists who argue that diverse cacao agroforests may be used to sustain both livelihoods of smallholders and ecological benefits such as the conservation of biodiversity within human...
Global biodiversity conservation significantly depends on bringing conservation measures to the agricultural production systems that dominate the earth's surface. One of the leading candidates for wildlife-friendly farming in the megadiverse lowland tropics is shade-grown cocoa. However,...
The primary literature on cocoa production reveals a range of objectives for improvement of cocoa production on small farms. These objectives are sometimes in direct opposition to each other, for example, increasing productivity through shade removal and chemical inputs, and the desire to...
The present paper draws from insights derived from the neoinstitutionalist framework of "global commodity chain" (GCC) analysis and the "filiére" approach (see Raikes/Jensen/Ponte 2000; Kaplinsky 2004; de Lattre-Gasquet/Desprèaux/Barel 1998). While conventional trade theory...
Most researchers defend cocoa agroforests as a model, which guarantees sustainable cocoa production while protecting biodiversity. However, in most countries, farmers’strategies favour “full sun” cocoa farms, close to the concept of monoculture. Why this apparent paradox? Field surveys were...
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