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Practical publications | certification

As standard systems seek to expand the supply of certified products and their collective impact, they face the increasing challenge of reaching out to less organized producers or to producers that are organized according to other group models. As standard systems move into this new territory, it...

How do we know our work with cocoa farmers inis improving lives, lands and livelihoods?

Rainforest Alliance commissioned itself the Committee on Sustainability Assessment (COSA) to conduct on-the-ground research in Côte d’Ivoire. In 2009, and again in 2011, COSA scientists collected...

To achieve a more sustainable world cocoa economy the industry needs to start taking more focused action as soon as possible. Data on the current situation needs to be collected, publicly reported, activities towards sustainability goals need to be developed and the resulting improvements should...

In January 2012, during the affiliation process of Nestlé with the Fair Labor Association, FLA sent independent experts to Ivory Coast to attempt to map the cocoa supply chain of Nestlé. The assessment team visited a total of 7 suppliers, 20 co-ops and 2 co-op unions, and 87 farms. Both...

An extract from the annual list of the top 100 global confectionery companies as published by Candy Industry is presented. The top ten global confectionery companies that manufacture some form of chocolate is listed, by net confectionery sales value in 2012: Mars Inc (USA), Mondeléz...

Certified cocoa: scaling up farmer participation in West Africa, Paschall, Melissa, and Seville Don , Case Study Series - New Business Models for Sustainable Trading Relationships, 2012///, (2012)

When Unilever and other large international companies decided in 2009 to choose Rainforest Alliance (RA) certification for some of their chocolate brands, the scheme had to radically extend its reach and scale up certification efforts in order to meet projected demand. Since more than half the...

Is large-scale fair trade possible, Le Velly, Ronan , Sustainable consumption, ecology and fair trade, 2007///, London, (2007)

This article addresses the question of what type of fair trade can be envisioned on which scale by contrasting the Artisans du Monde network and Max Havelaar France system? The question is not so much about the possibilities of outlets (small shops vs. supermarkets) as about the changes in the...

Developing agricultural markets in Sub-Saharan Africa: organic cocoa in rural Uganda, Jones, Sam, and Gibbon Peter , Journal of Development Studies, 2011, Volume 47, Issue 10, p.1595 - 1618, (2011)

The results of a programme to develop a market for organic cocoa in rural Uganda are presented. It is shown that the scheme had a strong and persistent positive welfare effect. The primary mechanism is that of adoption of quality-enhancing methods. The scheme achieved this through an “Exogenous...

This literature review aims to identify climate‐friendly agricultural practices (CFPs) for coffee, cocoa, and tea that (a) reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the use of land, machinery and chemicals, (b) lead to an increase of on‐farm carbon stocks, and/or (c) improve the...

In a six-month transnational project led by the Forum for African Investigative Reporters (FAIR), journalists hailing from Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon, Nigeria and the Netherlands investigated the alleged benefits received by cocoa farmers in West Africa via the FAIRTRADE label. Their...

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