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Practical publications | gender & livelihoods
Gender issues in trade and agricultural value chains.pdf (136.96 KB) Women’s contributions to supply chains can make a difference but needs the nurturing and support from both policy and practice to do so. Recommendations include: (1) support women's economic advancement; (2) promote gender equitable market solutions as smart business; (3) design equitable...
A case study of Ghanaian cocoa farmer field schools was conducted to provide feedback on a regional effort to close the yield gap across the cocoa belt of West Africa. Production practices were significantly modified in the year following training with notable increases registered in both the...
Looking at trends in the cocoa sector, it is expected 25% of the total cocoa production to be certified in 2015 and 50% in 2020. Mars, one of the largest global manufacturers of chocolate products clearly stated: “We do not certify poverty!" Ideally, certification standards will integrate...
This study explores the impact of changes in land tenure institutions on women’s land rights and the efficiency of tree resource management in Western Ghana. We find that customary land tenure institutions have evolved toward individualized systems to provide incentives to invest in tree...
This study attempts to analyze changing patterns of land transfers and schooling investments by gender over three generations in customary land areas of Ghanas Western Region. Although traditional matrilineal inheritance rules deny landownership rights to women, women have increasingly acquired...
The cocoa industry is suffering from a number of interconnected problems: Be this the over-aged tree stocks, the repercussions of disease and pest infestation, the political instability in West Africa, a lack of agricultural professionalism, an absence of infrastructure, or the shortcomings of...
The task of the paper is to examine modes of economic governance and policy measures that may alter the economic playing field for sustainability and social equality in the cocoa sector. The paper will not define or measure sustainability in cocoa. It has a strong focus on the economic...
This report is one of a World Bank Policy Research Working Paper series. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of the coffee and cocoa sectors in the Dominican Republic where an estimated 80,000-100,000 farmers produce coffee and cocoa, nearly 40% of all agricultural producers....
This paper considers the impact of gender specific constraints on the production and marketing of cash crops. Cash crop production differs from general agricultural production in that it entails engaging in output markets to make sales. This in turn requires reliable access to these markets, and...
This report is an attempt to make the work of women as cocoa farmers visible by describing and analyzing their role, the work they do, the difficulties and obstacles they face and the opportunities for improving their position and income. The focus of this report is on the role certification and...
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