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Academic publications | certification
Follow-up study report on CCE pilot cocoa certification initiatives In Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire and Nigeria.PDF (1.08 MB) The CCE (Certification Capacity Enhancement) project is a multi-stakeholder initiative between the development agencies GIZ, the Dutch Sustainable Trade Initiative (IDH), Solidaridad, the voluntary standards organizations Fairtrade International (FLO), Rainforest Alliance and UTZ Certified, and...
Sustainable cocoa - a matter of taste.pdf (1.17 MB) Presentation held at the Origin Chocolate Event (23 of October, 2013, Royal Tropical Institute of Amsterdam) by Anna Laven and Susanne van der Kooij. The presentation shows the learning process about fine or flavour chocolate, its chain and its sustainable characteristics.
Pro poor certification.pdf (1.73 MB) Small-scale farmers face particular challenges in building their livelihoods from agriculture. These include geographical dispersion – contributing to high transport and transaction costs, a lack of market information, and limited access to affordable credit and inputs. Small-scale farmers...
Although alternative trade have become a de facto prescription for any location where there is a need to conciliate economic interest with conservation imperatives, the discursive concept of equalitarian partnerships hides the fact that what for consumers is a matter of choice, for producers is...
Market study of fine flavour cocoa - revised version.pdf (3.07 MB) This research was conducted to produce a mapping of the fine flavour cocoa (FFC) market for 11 countries of interest in Latin – America, Asia and Africa, and to define the potential of fine flavour cocoa for these countries. The research focussed on the varieties of fine flavour cocoa, the...
This chapter investigates some of the current meanings attached to a particular commodity, cocoa, and the way in which it is constructed as ethical or unethical. The question of how different parties create, build and sustain the ethical qualities of a product is especially significant in...
Feasibility Study organic cocoa - Togo and cameroon.pdf (3.47 MB) The emergence of strong organic brands and the entry of mainstream food corporations in the organic cocoa market reflected the growing market for organic cocoa. So far, Latin American and Caribbean countries have been the main producers of organic cocoa beans.
3. In response to this...
GAIN_Cocoa publication.pdf (486.13 KB) Cocoa is cultivated in more than 40 countries across Africa, Asia and Latin America. Over 90% of global cocoa production cultivated by an estimated 5.5 million smallholders and most live below the poverty line and lack access to nutritious food. This concept brief analyzes cocoa production...
This article argues that fair trade labeling is more effective in combating child labor than previous approaches such as attempts at improving international compliance with human rights standards, levying of trade sanctions or boycotts, and increasing legislation and prosecution of crimes. The...
In January 2012, during the affiliation process of Nestlé with the Fair Labor Association, FLA sent independent experts to Ivory Coast to attempt to map the cocoa supply chain of Nestlé. The assessment team visited a total of 7 suppliers, 20 co-ops and 2 co-op unions, and 87 farms. Both...
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